SAE: Producing Perennials From Seed
Description:

Perennials have a large share of the plant market at garden centers. They are very popular with consumers because of their low maintenance and because they bloom year after year. Many varieties of perennials can be produce from seed and require little specialized equipment for production.

Getting Started

Choosing a site:
The light requirement of perennials varies according to variety. Generally, a site with at least half a day of full sun would be best. The site should be relatively flat and covered with a ground cover material.

Producing seedlings:
Although many varieties can be produce from seed, marketability and ease of production should be considered. Plants such as gaillardia, coreopsis, Shasta daisy, foxglove, and rudbeckia are easy to grow and market. Seeds should be purchased and planted by August. Many perennials are available from plug suppliers and can be shipped with the school's fall bedding plant plugs. Seedlings and plugs should be transplanted to jumbo 606 cells and grown-on for four to six weeks in the school greenhouse. Arrangements to rent space in the greenhouse should be made with the teacher.

Growing-out the finished plant:
Perennials may be planted in quart, trade gallon or 8" pots. A well-drained soil mixture containing a large percentage of ground pine bark is best. Bagged soils such as Fafard 4-P or Metro Mix 350 are suggested. Potted plants can then be place outside on the ground cover area at this time.

Fertilizer:
A time-release fertilizer can be top-dressed on newly repotted plants. A hozon type proportioner can also be used if water-soluble fertilizers are used.

Irrigation:
Plants can be hand watered with a hose with water breaker. This type irrigation is suggested for quart pots. Gallon and 8" pots can be watered with overhead sprinklers.

Winter protection:
In central and southern Georgia, a winter protection material should be used over the plants during the months of January and February. In northern Georgia an unheated cold frame may be necessary. Plants will be ready to sell in March and April.

Selling the crop:
Finished plants may be sold retail directly to the consumer or sold wholesale to garden centers. A nursery license will be needed by the grower and may be obtained from the Plant Protection Division of the Georgia Department of Agriculture.

Written by Myron Sellars, 2002

 

Factors To Consider

Ranking:

1 = lowest

10 = highest

Time required

8

Investment 5
Equipment needed 2
Skills required 4
Facilities required 3
Land required 5
Labor Intensity 6
Potential for income 8
Transportation required 2
Expansion possibilities 7
Expertise needed 4
Advertising needed 4
Susceptible to disease 5
Susceptible to insects 5
Suitable for residential areas 8
  Other (specify)
Length of production cycle 10 months
Regional Statewide
When to start project August

 

Notes:

Marketing:
A marketing strategy should be wisely planned before beginning a perennial production project. Marketing directly to consumers will require addition time and advertising expense. Local garden centers may be interested in purchasing plants at a wholesale price.

 

Sources of Additional Information:

Books:
The Ball Red Book available from Ball Seed Company.
Herbaceous Perennial Plants by Allan Armitage available from Varsity Press.

Seed:
Available from Park Seed Company, Ball Seed Company, and Michell Seed Company.